Home » News

Category Archives: News

This is a News Post!

This is a Post with the category “News.”

Posts set to the “News” category will display on the News category archive page≤ with the newest posts at the top. Use News posts to draw attention to conference presentations, publications, fellowships, etc. You could also use News posts as a blog.

All posts are set to default as News, but you can also create a News Post from the dashboard > Posts > Add New. News is the default post category.

If you wish to create a page that displays Posts across multiple categories, add the “Posts” page to your navigation menu.

Edit/Delete this post from the dashboard > All Posts.

Travel literature

Travel literature/writings is, “A genre of writing in which the author describes places they have visited and their experiences while travelling.” This type of writing is when someone explains their journey or traveling through their writing. They will take their adventures, beautiful sights they saw and put it in writing, it is very similar to a documentary. “The genre of travel literature encompasses outdoor literature, guide books, nature writing, and travel memoirs.”

In Letters written during a short residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. By Mary Wollstonecraft writes about her journey through many places. This book is a journal entry on her travels and Mary Wollstonecraft goes into great detail about everything she saw. You can tell in her writings she really had a passion for traveling. While reading her book you felt like you were sitting there with Mary Wollstonecraft looking at the mountains, water, landscape, etc. That is exactly how a travel writer should write. Someone reading a traveling book wants to feel like they are with the person, and it should make you want to go with the person. Mary Wollstonecraft writings can put images in your head as if you are actually there. She focused on the people, cultures, nature and the life of all the people she met. Mary Wollstonecraft always dove into any of her experiences in her travels, and then used that to write a book where people can appreciate the travels.

Wollstonecraft, Mary, et al. Letters written during a short residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Oxford University Press, 2009.

“Travel Writing | Definition of Travel Writing in English by Oxford Dictionaries.” Oxford Dictionaries | English, Oxford Dictionaries, en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/travelwriting.

“Travel Literature.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 12 May 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_iterature.

The Uncanny

 

The Uncanny

 

 

According to Merriam Webster, Uncanny is defined as “seeming to have a supernatural character or origin. Another definition is “being beyond what is normal or expected”. The word uncanny relates to Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. This is mainly because of Frankenstein’s creation, at the hands of Victor. From the beginning of the novel, we can consider Frankenstein’s creation to be uncanny. This is because he is made from an assortment of deceased human body parts, giving a supernatural aspect to his existence.

 

Aside from the fact that Frankenstein is made from the limbs of deceased humans, his disturbing appearance lends to him being considered uncanny. Generally, we can look at something as uncanny when it is beyond the scope of our wildest imagination. I am huge comic fan, and one of my favorite teams of super heroes are considered uncanny by the “normal” human population in their comic universe. This team is the “X-Men”, often being called “The Uncanny X-Men” The X-Men are referred to in this way because they possess the appearance of a human, however they possess abilities that a “normal” person in their comic cannot begin to comprehend. Each member of the X-men has a specific ability that allows them to be distinguished from the other members. The members who possess a human appearance include but are not limited to: Wolverine, Cyclops, Professor X, Storm, and Jean Grey. These characters relate to Frankenstein because they bear a strong sense of familiarity, yet surpass the scope of human compression. These characters are all uncanny.

 

Uncanny.” Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/uncanny.

 

“Uncanny.” Dictionary.com, Dictionary.com, www.dictionary.com/browse/uncanny.

Timothy Morton Dark Ecology and Oryx & Crake

Chapter 8 in Oryx and Crake goes back in to Jimmy’s memories. It starts out by Jimmy having a difficult time accepting the fact that his father is going to marry someone else. Jimmy sees that something he has to deal with and Crake comforts him throughout these years. They both start to graduate from high school and going on to their respective schools. Throughout Jimmy going to Martha Graham Academy and Crake going to Watson-Crick institute they were separated. While Jimmy attended Martha Graham he started to date women and help them with any problems they had and would build many relationships with many different women. Eventually he would tell them his stories about his troubled life and they would comfort him. They were well aware of the story about his mother, which became a repetitive story for him to share with the girls and serve as pity in him. The girl who had not fallen in to this tap was Oryx. She didn’t because of the way she was brought up and disturbed past. Jimmy goes to visit Crake at Watson-Crick institute and learns much about science and was amazed how the school treated their students. During the visit Jimmy finds out that Crake was part of a group called Madd Addam, which is a radical group that uses science against pharmaceutical companies through various attacks. Jimmy became very uncomfortable and concerned about Crake’s affiliation with the group. Snowman remembers that Crake’s reoccurring nightmares and Crake stated that he could not remember anything in the morning. Jimmy suspects that he is living in Crake’s nightmare.

 

Snowman now is on his hike and discovers shops that are completely empty; plants growing through the cracks of the buildings, and all visible traces of human habitation are gone. He contemplates the possibility that he is not the only human alive. Snowman spends most of his time remembering the hints that Crake gave him. He remembers an argument he had with Crake, which Crake had asked Jimmy to imagine the world if civilization was destroyed. He feels responsible for not having knowing or seeing the pieces of information in time to have prevented what happened so he blames himself. Snowman’s guilt is mixed with the physical remains of death and destruction that he has to walk through in order to reach RejoovenEsense. The loss of hope that he sees in rotting corpses and abandoned houses is a reminder of what he did not suffer. As he keeps walking he looks and sees in front of him large houses, shopping malls, and clinics for his primarily in search for food. He chooses a random home and enters in a broken window. He finds the remains of a man in the bathroom and a woman lying in the king sized bed. He stops to look at himself in the mirror and he sees a complete stranger looking back at him. The woman in the bed reminds Snowman of Oryx because Oryx had a wig like that and she liked to dress up and changer her appearance to pretend to be different women. He leaps out of a broken window and sees directly across from him a quintuplet of pigoons rooting around in a small heap of trash. His relationship with these animals has changed overtime. His father used to work on a pigoon project at OrganInc farms. When young Jimmy used to go visit them he felt pity for them now he has to run for his life away from them. The pigoons, Crakers, and rakunk all symbolize parts of Snowman’s past. The pigoons were a part of his childhood in relation to his father’s relationship. The Crakers was the beliefs of Snowman’s once best friend. The rakunk, Killer, represent Jimmy’s pet from when he was younger. These creations are a reminder of a past that he can’t escape and his ongoing recollection of the past is portrayed as he lives in a world of his memories.

 

Jimmy graduates from Martha Graham and I unsuccessful in finding a job in his field. He moves in with his girlfriend, Amanda Payne, he is attracted to her because of her difficult background and is desired to save her from her problems. The death of his mother left Jimmy hurt and never found a resolution. Also with the CorpSeCorps questioning about his mothers whereabouts also kept him even more emotional. He gets a job at AnooYoo and doesn’t really like it but he sticks with it. Once he is given a promotion things start to change for Jimmy and starts to look for women once again. He becomes intimate with married and committed women and he finds this to sooth him because it required no emotional feelings on his part towards these women. Oryx enters his life once again while watching tv about a girl that was trapped in a garage and see Oryx as the girl. Oryx serves in Jimmy’s life during critical points in his life. After not hearing from the CorpSeCoprs for five years they show up at his door and show him a video, which was about his mothers execution. Her last words in the video were, “Goodbye. Remember Killer. I love you. Don’t let me down.” No question that was Jimmy’s mother. He pretended he didn’t know who the woman in the video was when they asked but after a little while he told them about Killer who was his pet rakunk. Later he questioned himself if the execution was even real and if she was still alive. The next couple of days were bad for Jimmy between anger and sadness. He coped with these feelings with sex and alcohol but it didn’t work for him. Once again he would have nightmares of the image of Oryx as a child.

 

In chapter 11 Snowman is trying to escape from the pigoons. He is trying to outsmart a creature that thinks more like a human and less like a pig. During this time both Snowman and the pigoons have physical restraints because Snowman has injured his foot and the pigoons have short legs are unable to climb to the watchtower. Snowman has success against the pigoons and outsmarts them. While using a radio Snowman hears a voice and now it changes Snowman’s world. Snowman sees from afar a smoke coming from the Crakers encampment. He thinks that it is mist but figures it is smoke. The Crakers always had a fire going but not such a large one before. He thinks they had disobeyed his orders and now have come looking for him and built a signal fire to guide him home.

These chapters I believe shows a pivotal part throughout the story by many things happening. One many memories of him and Crake together of him missing these subliminal messages Crake were portraying. Another of Snowman realizing all the destruction that he hasn’t encounter while walking to RejoovenEsense. Also when the pigoons looking for fresh meat to eat become hunters instead of animals is very eye opening because of his history with these animals. The showing of his mother being murdered becomes a significant stamp through his life. Because of this he starts to imagine Oryx again and again. The most vital part is when Snowman hears someone on the radio and finds out that he may not be the only human alive and which encourages him even more.

 

Timothy Morton, “Dark Ecology,” relates to Oryx and Crake in a couple of ways. Morton starts to explain what Dark ecology is which is, ecological awareness, dark-depressing but yet ecological awareness is also dark-uncanny. He also goes on to say Ecognosis is something like coexisting. Also is like becoming accustomed to something strange that doesn’t become less strange. This relates to Snowman’s current being in which he is trying to become accustomed to something strange, which is in the state where he is living in. He compares the word, weird, to the Old Norse urth, meaning twisted in a loop. He says that the term weird is a turn or a twist or loop, a turn of events. This also relates to Snowman’s position he is currently in. Morton infers to a term called weird weirdness. He states that ecological awareness is weird. He says that ecological awareness is a loop because human interference has a loop form. He explains that loop from of beings means we live in a universe of finitude and fragility and a world surrounded by mysterious and hermeneutical clouds of unknowing. In the ecologoical paradigm we need to embrace a reality that exists as strange loops. This means that reality is multi-dimensional and Morton also talks about Object-oriented ontology, or OOO. He says that ontology doesn’t tell you what exists but how things exist. OOO is a view of reality and that all of reality is made up of object things and the things that make up reality are shifting. Morton also He uses the story of Jekyll and Hyde and James Lovelock’s analogy of “species equivalent” of the characters.

 

Questions:

1) Is there a future coexistence?

2) What is the dark ecology in Oryx and Crake?

3) How would the novel change if narrated by Oryx?

Doppelganger

Definition of doppelgÃnger

1 a : double 2a

  • said she had seen his doppelgÃnger
b : alter ego b
c : a person who has the same name as another
2 : a ghostly counterpart (see counterpart 3a) of a living person
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/doppelgänger
A doppelganger is usually referred to as someone who looks just like another person.  All of the novels read in class this semester have some version of a doppelganger in them although they don’t always conform to our traditional way of viewing a doppelganger.  The clones in Never Let Me Go would be doppelgangers of humans.  Even though they do not look like one specific person they look exactly like people.  Then there are the two sides of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde living in the same physical body.  They are doppelgangers as alter egos of the same person.  It is as if the two parts make a whole person.  Then there are the Crakers who are not quite doppelgangers of people but rather a version created in a more perfect image of what humanity should be.  They were created with the idea that without certain human traits then the violent side of humanity would be eliminated.  Then they were created with the aesthetic beauty that people have in all variations.
There is also the theory that the creature in Frankenstein was the doppelganger of Victor.  Victor’s obsession with scientific discovery showed his darker side.  He pursued his desires without any thought for the consequences and even failed to show regret for the suffering his actions inflicted on the creature as he learned his tale.  The creature, on the other hand, was actually a very nice, caring, kind and intelligent individual whose experiences drove him to commit horrible acts.  He originally showed the traits that Victor did not.  The creature was Victor’s alter ego but in a different body.
www.studymode.com/essays/Doppelgänger-In-Frankenstein-629214.html

Victorian (Literary period)

The Cambridge Dictionary in his English version has two meanings for the word Victorian. The first one defines it as “belonging to, made in, or living in the time when Queen Victoria was Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901).” For example, A Victorian house. The later one defines it as “Victorian ideas, beliefs, etc. are ones considered to be typical of the time when Queen Victoria was queen, such as a belief in strict moral and religious rules and the importance of family life.”

Referring to the literary period, the Victorian era was a period of time in England when individuals didn’t want to be involved in scandals or disreputable topics and to do so, they tried to follow a pattern of high morality and values. In the text, “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” by Robert Louis Stevenson, it was very noticeable that the author was used the characters of Dr. Jekyll, Mr. Hyde, and Mr. Utterson to depict this era. For instance, Dr. Jekyll represents a moral and respectful English man. However, he is hiding his evil personality and transforms into another person to be able to be himself. Nobody would suspect this gentleman and a horrible evil man can be the same person. Furthermore, we have Mr. Utterson who represents the society because he knows the truth; however, he doesn’t want to say a word because he doesn’t want to be related in a scandalous situation. 

The Victorian era is depicted directly in this book because of the repression of violance, sexual desire, expression of feelings before society. Dr. Jekyll was repriming and resisting himself to be what he is, an aggressive evil man.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/victorian#dataset-british

https://www.newhistorian.com/strange-case-of-dr-jekyll-and-mr-hyde/3788/

 

Romanticism

According to The Oxford Dictionary, the word Romanticism has two meanings. The first definition says that it’s a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual. The latter one defines it as “the state or quality of being romantic.”

Many of the reading text in the class were from authors inspired by Romanticism. For instance, Mary Shelley with “Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus”, her mother Mary Wollstonecraft with “Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark”, and her father William Godwin with “The Adventures of Caleb Williams” were some of them.

The Oxford Dictionary states that the Romanticism was originated in the late 18th century. However, I disagree with this statement. “Caleb Williams” was published in 1794, a year after of his other book “Enquiry Concerning Political Justice.” Both books are directly related to the Romanticism because they were based on the importance of equality of rights, rejection of unfair governments, worth of an individual before society, and the imposition of an ideology related to moral and ethical values.

Romanticism also encloses heroism, sense and sensuality, sensitivity to nature, sublime and redemption.   For instance, Mary Wollstonecraft in “Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark”, was trying to find herself and this was only possible by making a journey to a far-away place with cold and dark scenarios. Also, her daughter Mary Shelley in “Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus” showed how society judges other individuals by their appearance. In this novel, the main characters scape and went to cold places to find a solution for their problems.

It’s noticeable that the definition of Romanticism is very broad. However, the main characteristic is the interest and importance of men before society.

Works Cited:

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/romanticism

http://www.academia.edu/29648933/In_what_ways_does_the_literature_of_the_Romantic_era_reflect_the_broader_social_changes_of_this_historical_period

 

Deconstruction

Deconstruction is the term when one does an analytical examination of something such as theory in order to reveal its inadequacy (1). Deconstruction often appears contradictory because contradiction is at the heart of its philosophy. Deconstruction means “breaking down” works of fiction or non-fiction to discover its true significance (1.) This true significance in deconstruction analysis is almost never exactly what the author intended (1.) An example of a deconstruction analysis would be a feminist may show that an old innocent story depends on the oppression of women. Deconstruction can help us to question and revise everything we’re told about the world our received ideas. So it can make us more critical citizens as well as more critical readers of literary texts (2).

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (3) the term creation can be deconstructed. Creation is meant to be joyous like the birth of a newborn child, but the creature says to Victor, “my form is a filthy type of yours.” Victor’s creation is not, happy and prosperous” such as God’s creation, Adam, in Paradise Lost. As creature develops and learn about human society, he begins to realize his utter isolation. Creature learns that there is nothing else like it, and when Victor will not create a mate for Creature, Creature becomes violent and destructive, killing Victor’s family and eventually destroying Victor’s life. Victor’s creation becomes his destruction, and the clear distinctive line between creation and destruction is blurred. Deconstruction theory then adequately explains Frankenstein, in that absolute meaning is indeterminable. Shelley’s novel contradicts traditional thinking, which seems appropriate considering the grotesque, monstrous nature and subject of the novel (2).

 

Works Cited

1.)Deconstruction | Definition of Deconstruction by Merriam-Webster

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deconstruction
2.) A Deconstructive Reading of Shelley’s Frankenstein
https://owlcation.com/humanities/A-Deconstructive-Reading-of-Shelleys-Frankenstein
3.)Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, 1797-1851. Frankenstein, Or, The Modern Prometheus : the 1818 Text. Oxford ; New York :Oxford University Press, 1998. Print.

Prometheus

In one of the many tales of human inception Prometheus, a Greek God, was our creator.  There are other versions where he did not actually create us but rather just gave us fire which enabled our creative thinking.  This fire was stolen from the Gods and given to humanity.  The crime sparked vengeance in Zeus, the Greatest Greek God, and subsequent punishment to Prometheus was delivered in the way of hurting humanity through illness as well as a separate punishment which Prometheus himself was to endure.

The dictionary version of Prometheus is

noun, Classical Mythology.
1. 

a Titan, the father of Deucalion and brother of Atlas and Epimetheus, who taught humankind various arts and was sometimes said to have shaped humans out of clay and endowed them with the spark of life. For having stolen fire from Olympus and given it to humankind in defiance of Zeus, he was chained to a rock where an eagle daily tore at his liver, until he was finally released by Hercules.( http://www.dictionary.com/browse/prometheus)

 

This has a direct correlation to the story of Victor Frankenstein and his creation of the creature as well as Crake and his creation of the Crakers.  It is more closely related to Frankenstein because the punishment for his creation was, in fact, torment and death.  He was tortured emotionally by the deaths of his loved ones and each new death renewed his grief and torment.  In either case both scientists used the gift given to them by Prometheus to create that which should never have been created.  They defied the laws of nature and committed a crime just as Prometheus had when he stole the fire.  Their love of the intellectual journey, just as Prometheus seemed to love the scientific experiment of humans, resulted in emotional agony and death.  While Prometheus may have been seen as defying his own kind to help ours it cannot be forgotten that we must remember all actions have consequences.  As nice as it is that we have creative thoughts, medicine, writing and technology would we have been happier living in simple bliss?  Maybe there would have been no wars and a lack of creative thought means no foundation for deceit.  If one is not careful those consequences may not be worth whatever the action is.  Had Victor Frankenstein started with a mouse maybe he would have lived a much happier life and his family would have not died as a result of his actions.

 

 

http://crossref-it.info/textguide/Frankenstein/7/337

 

 

 

Archetype and its relation to Frankenstein

Archetype is an original model that is emulated or copied by others. It is a typical or the conservative ideal from which all others imitate or duplicate. According to Jung’s theory of neurosis, the archetype is a basic conceptual image hereditary from the most primitive human dynasties and thought to be existing in the collective unconscious. These two meanings create an image of a prototype that is used as an example by the rest of the creations as the ideal shape, size, and the appearance.

A perfect example of archetype can be seen in Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley. Victor Frankenstein was striving to give life to dead bodies with the hope of creating his own person. This makes human being to an archetype to Victor. It forms the original model that he is emulating to try and produce a similar being. In the event when it didn’t work to his expectations, he decided to abandon the creature since it didn’t resemble the archetype. He was heard lamenting by saying “How can I describe my emotions at this catastrophe, or how delineate the wretch whom with such infinite pains and care I had endeavored to form? His limbs were in proportion, and I had selected his features as beautiful. Beautiful!-Great God! His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; “(Shelley 83).

The only word in the glossary that is almost related to archetype is Doppelgänger. According to Merriam-Webster.com, doppelgänger means a ghostly counterpart of a living person. It might not be clear in Frankenstein, but if Victor would succeed in making a normal human being it would form a Doppelgänger. This word is perfectly clear in the novel “Never let me go”, where we see clones moving about in town looking for their lookalike human beings.

 

 

Work cited

“archetype”. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 9 May. 2018. <Dictionary.com       http://www.dictionary.com/browse/archetype>.

“Doppelgänger.” Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 9 May 2018.

Shelly, Percy Bysshe. “Mont Blanc.” Frankenstein: the 1818 Text, Contexts, Criticism. J. Paul       Hunter. 2nd ed. W.W. Norton & Co., 2012.295-9